Ile Dodo

ILE DODO

English Grammar (Header) + French Grammar (Before Header) + Creole Grammar (Footer)
ENGLISH GRAMMER
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GOW-Group of Words [Parts of Speech]
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  • ACTION VERBS: Breathe, Drink, Eat, Walk, Rest, Sleep
  • NON ACTION VERBS: Seem; Appear, Sound, Like
  • HELPER VERBS: Have, Do, Be
  • MODAL VERBS: Shall, Will, May, Can
  •  COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS > (FANBOY): For- And- Nor-But-Or-Yet-So
  • SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (1-7):
  1. REASON: because-since-so that    — MANNER: as, as if, as though, just as, like   — TIME: when, whenever, before, after                                             
  2. PLACE– where, wherever, everywhere, as far as   >   1.1 CONCESSION: although, as though, even though, despite  
  3. COMPARISON: though, than, rather than, whether, whereas, where as, as much as         
  4. CONDITION: if, unless, although, lest, supposing, as long as, so that, in order that, in order to, on condition that, even if, even though, now that, if only, if then, if when, provided, provided that, providing that
  5. CO-RELATE: neither…nor,  either… or, whether..or, rather…than, not.. but rather, no sooner…than, both…and, as much…as,  not only… but (also)
  6. ADVERB CONJUNCTIVE: however, therefore, nevertheless, then, besides, after all, finally, consequently
  7. OTHERS: in case, now since, now when, or not
  1. DEMONSTRATIVE: This- These- That- Those    —- INTEROGATIVE: What -Which- Whose                                   
  2. POSSESSIVE: My – Your- His (Her) – Our – Their, Its
  3. NUMBERS: 1, 2, 3, 4 ( One, Two, Three, Four) —-NON-NUMBER QUANTITY: More, Less, Many, Few, Much, Little, Most, Some         
  4. CONDITION: if, unless, although, lest, supposing, as long as, so that, in order that, in order to, on condition that, even if, even though, now that, if only, if then, if when, provided, provided that, providing that
  5. CO-RELATE: neither…nor,  either… or, whether..or, rather…than, not.. but rather, no sooner…than, both…and, as much…as,  not only… but (also)
  1. TIME (when or what time the action is done): now, tonight, today, later, yesterday, tomorrow, early, earlier, soon, everyday, last year, last week
  2. PLACE (where the action happens): here,there,up,down,north,nearby,far away,above,below,behind,everywhere,somewhere,forward,downwards  
  3. MANNER (how an action is done): Positice Manner-Certainly,Properly,Seriously,Correctly,Bravely, Gently, Sincerely, Kindly, Gently, Quickly, Nicely —Negative Manner– Badly, Poorly, Lazily, Loundly, Slowly, Dangerously, Falsely –                      
  4. FREQUENCY (how often an action is done): Always, Rarely, Often, Never, Usually, Sometimes, Seldom, Regularly
  5. DEGREE (help express the intensity of something in  sentence): Almost, Completely, Absolutely, Barely, Entirely, Exremely, Quite, Fully, Just, Very
  6. CONJUNCTIVE (provides a link to the previous sentence): However, Therefore, Consequently, Subsequently

[ A: Above, Across, Around, Along, Among, Amid, Against, Aboard, About, After, As, At, Anti] –[B: Below, Beneath, Behind, Besides, Between, Beyond, By, But] –[C: Concerning, Copnsidering] –[D: Down, Downwards, During, Despite] –[ Except, Excepting, Excluding] — [F: For, From, Forward, Following] -[ I: In, Into, Inside] -[L: like] -[ N: Near, Nearby] — [ O: Of, Off, On, Onto, Over, Outside, Opposite] — [ P: Past, Per, Plus] — [ R: Round, Regarding] — [S: Save, Since] – [T: To, Toward, Towards, Through, Than] – [ U: Under, Underneath, Unlike, Until, Up, Upon] – [V: Via, Versus] – [ W: With, Within, Without ]

  1. PERSONAL: [Subject: I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They] -[ Object: Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, You, Them] – [Possessive: Mine, Yours, His, Hers, Ours, Yours, Theirs] -[ Reflexive: Myself, Yourself, Himself, Herself, Yourself, Themselves ] 
  2. RELATIVE: Which, That, Who, Whose, Whom
  3. INTEROGATIVE: Which, What, Who, Whose, Whom
  4. INDEFINITE [ANES]: [….one: Anyone, No-one, Everyone, Someone ] – [ ….thing: Anything, Nothing, Everything, Something] – [ ….body: Anybody, Nobody, Everybody, Somebody]
  5. DEMONSTRATIVE: This, That, These, Those
  • DR M-I-C-R-O-S-C-O-P-E-S ( memory word)
  • DEMONSTRATIVE: This, That, These, Those  (Note: They are also a type of Determiners )  — RELATIVE: What, Which
  • MATERIAL: Wooden, Steel — INTEROGATIVE: What, Which, Whose  — INDEFINITE: Many, Some, Few — COLOUR & PATTERN: Blue, Dotted 
  • COMPOUND: (a pair of adjective & noun as one word): e.g. Book cover, Passenger car 
  • RIGHT AGE: New, Old, Young, Ancient  — ORIGIN ( denotes source): Japanese( eg. Japanese car), Volcanic ( e.g. Volcanic rock)
  • SHAPE: Round, Flat — SIZE: Big, Small — STATE: Good, Bad, Raw, Ripe ( it denotes quality, condition & character)
  • COMPARISON: Smaller, Bigger, Lower, Higher (it indicates comparison & degree)
  • CO-ORDINATE & NON-COORDINATE: CO-ORDINATE– Long-term, Ice-cold ( they ate two or more adjectives that apply to the same noun – eg. Long-term loan) — NON-COORDINATE– (they modify the same noun but do not need to be seperated by a dash, as they are not equal; one adj takes precedence over the other non-coordinate adj). Eg. Anna drives a pink metal bicycle (here, we don’t need to use a dash between ‘blue’ and ‘metal’ and cannot change their place because we would not say as ”a metal pink car” or ” a ink and metal car’
  • OPINION: Limiter adj-  Real hero & Perfect student > Subjective measure adj- beautiful, interesting > Value adj- good, bad, costly
  • PROPER: Eg. Indian & British ( a person from India is Indian- it is a proper adj).> we sometimes uses the term proper adj to mean adj that take initial capital letters & common adj to mean thise that do not.
  • EMPHASIS: Total, Absolute, Extreme, Pure, Real, Complete, True, Utter ( gives an emphasis on the noun) > eg. Pure gold, Extreme weather. 
  • COMMON NOUN
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History of English Grammar
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GRAMMAIRE FRANCAIS

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Groupe des Mots    ( Parts of Speech)

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ARTICLES

INDEFINITE: Un (Une) – Des 

DEFINITE: Le (La), L’ – Les 

PARTITIVE: Du- De la 

Nemonic: Un-Le-Du

TYPES: POSSESSIF – DEMONSTRATIFS-INTEROGATIFS-DESCRIPTIFS-QUALIFICATIFS

  1.  MASCULIN-FEMININ-PLURIEL > [Mon – Ma -Mes] – [Ton-Ta-Tes] – [Son-Sa-Ses] -[Notre-Notre] – [Votre-Votre-Vos]- [Leur-Leur-Leurs]

CE- CET- CETTE- CES > [ English: THIS-THAT-THESE-THOSE]

Quel- Quelle- Quels- Quelles [ ENGLISH: [What or Which] [ Masculin/Singulier – Feminin/Singulier- Masculin/Pluriel- Feminin-Pluriel]

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TYPES OF PREPOSITIONS > LIEN – LIEU- PLACE

 Par- Pour- Pendant- Avec- Avant- De- D’apres- Sans- Sauf- Selon- Du – D’ – Des [ TRANSLATE: Par (By)- Pour (For,To)- Pendant (During)- Avec (With)- Apres (After)- De (Of, From)- Du (Of)- D’ (From)- Des (Of the)- D’apres (According to)- Sans (Without)- Sauf (Except)- Selon (According to) ]

Chez ( for person, not place), En-A- Au- Aux- A la- A l’

Sur- Sous- A cote de- Dans- Devant- Derriere – Entre- En face de- Contre-Pres de- Loin de- Vers[ TRANSLATE: On- Under- Next to- In- In front- Behind]

3 TYPES >  POSSESSIFS > RELATIFS- INTEROGATIFS

Je-Tu-Il- Elle-Nous- Vous- Ils -Elles – TRANSALATION [ i- You- He- She- We- You- They ]

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  • Masc/Sing — Fem/Sing —      Masc/Plur —       Fem/Plur
  • Le mien          La mienne        Les miens          Les miennes
  • Le tien            La tienne           Les tiens            Les tiennes
  • Le sien           La sienne          Les siens            Les siennes
  • Le notre          La notre           Les notres          Les notres
  • Le votre          La votre            Les votres          Les votres
  • Le leur            La leur              Les leurs            Les leurs

Qui- Que- Quoi-  Dont- Ou- Laquel—

Qui–Que- Quoi- Lequel  [ ENGLISH: Who- Which- That- Whom- Where ]

There are two classes of conjunctions :   1. Coordinating Conjunctions  &  2. Subordinating Conjunctions

CAR (For) – ET (And) – NI (Nor) – MAIS (But) – OU (Or) – OR (Yet) – DONC (So )

1. SI (if) –  QUE (that)- LORSQUE (Comme [As/Since]-  ii). Puisque [As /Since] – iii). Quand [ when] – iv). Lorsque [when] – Quoique [Even though]

2. MULTIPLE WORDS: i) A moins que [ Unless that] – ii) De peur que [For fear that] – iii) Depuis que [Since] – iv) Meme si [Even if] – v) Parce que [Because] – vi) Pendant que [While] – vii) Si jamais [If ever] –  viii) Vu que [ Seeing that]    >>> For more see Menu above

 

classes of conjunctions :   1. TEMPS-

Aujourd’hui- Hier- ”Avant-hier”- Demain- ”Apres-demain”- Maintenant- Aussitot- Soudain- Plutard- Avant – Apres- Autrefois- Quelquefois- Souvent- Toujours- Parfois- Ensuite- Depuis- Jamais

Peu- Assez- Beaucoup- Trop- Quelque- Environs

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Ici – La- Dessous- Dessus- Devant- Derriere- Avant- Arriere- Autour- Ailleurs- Alentour- Autour- Contre- Dedans- Partout- Pres- Proche

Absolument- Certainment- Precisement- ”Sans-doute”Aussi–Que si- Si- Soit- Volontier- Vraiement

Jamais- Personne- Aucun- Aucunement- Nullement- Rien

Peu-etre — Probablement – Apparemment- Sans doute- Vraisembleblement

Que- Qu’est-ce que —  Qui – Quand – Comment- Combien- Ou- Pourquoi

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  • RULES: ”’e”  > noun ending in ”e” are feminine  < ..>  ”e” is also used to change a masculin word into feminine : E.g.  Francais – Francaise
  • RULES: Le, La, L’  > Plural is  Les      —  Un , Une > Plural is Des
  • Nouns ending in…S , X or Z >> don’t add ”s” to the noun : E.G > Le bus – Les bus  / Le prix – Les prix / Le nez – Les Nez
  • Formation of plural by adding ‘S’:  E.g. > Le garcon – Les garcon  / La fille – Les filles
  • Change noun ending in ”al”  & ”ail” into ”aux” > E,g. > Le journal – Les journaux  / Le travail – Le travaux
  • Nouns ending with …’au’ , ‘eu’ , ‘ou’ > Add an ”x” > Aux, Eux, Oux > EXCEPTIONS: Cou, Clou, Trou, Pneu > Add ”s” for its Plural 
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  • PAYS – Masculin: Japon- Madagascar        PAYS Feminin:  France- Chine- Belgique
  • VILLES & CAPITALS:  Paris- Londre- Liverpool
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  • TOP 4O [ BACDEFIS-GROUP]
  • B > Bannir [Banish]- Brandir [Brandish] – Bondir [Bounce] – Rebondir [Rebounce]- Bâtir (se)/Rebâtir [ Build/ Rebuild] – Accomplir (se) [ Accomplish] – Applaudir (se) [Applaud] – Abolir [ Abolish] – Agir [ Act] + Réagir [React] – Convertir/Reconvertir [ Convert/Reconvert] – Choisir [Choose] – Chérir [Cherish] – Démolir [Demolish] – Envahir [Invade] – Enrichir (se) [Enrich] – Établir /Rétablir (se) [ Establish / Reestablish ] – Élargir [Enlarge] – Finir [Finish] –  Fraîchir/ Rafraîchir (se) – Freshen/ Refresh – Investir (se) – Invest – Intervenir [Intervene] Grandir [Grow]- Garantir [Guarantee] – Rôtir (se)- [Roast] – Réfléchir (se) [Reflect] – Rejouir/Jouir [ Enjoy/Rejoice]- Obéir / Désobéir [ Obey/Disobey] – Unir (se) / Désunir (se)/Réunir (se) [Unite/Disunite/Reunite] – Punir [Punish] – Périr [Perish] – Polir [Polish]- Saisir [Cease]
  • TOP 41-80 [ BACDEF-GHMP-STV]
  • Blanchir (se) [ Whitewash/Luander] – Bénir [Bless] – Agrandir [ Enlarge] – Affaiblir [ weaken] – Atterir [ Land] –  Crépir [ Plaster] – Divertir (se) [ amuse or entertain] – Élargir [ Enlarge] – Embellir [ Embellish ] –  Emplir (se) [ Fill ] – Fournir [ Supply] – Faiblir [Weaken] – Franchir [Cross] – Fleurir [ Bloom] – Fouir [ Dig] – Guérir (se) [ Heal] – Gravir [ Climb] – Grossir [ Enlarge[ – Garnir [ Garnish ] – Haïr (se) [ Hate] – Maigrir [ to lose weight] – Pétrir [ Knead]- Pourrir [ Rot] – Réussir [ Succeed] – Ressaisir (se) [ Recover] – Ralentir [ to slow down ] – Répartir (se) -Restart – Refroidir [ to cool down] – Remplir [ Fill] – Subir [ Suffer ] – Trahir [ Betray] – Veillir [ to grow old] – Vernir [Varnish]

Types: Auxiliary- Modals – ”…..dre” ending – ”….ir” ending – ”….tre” ending – ”….oir” ending – ”…ire” ending – ”….re” ending – ”….aire ending” – 

  • EXCEPTION > Aller 
  •  AUXILIARY > Etre- Avoir- Faire
  • MODALS >     Pouvoir – Devoir
  • LINK >            Falloir- Voulloir

Bouillir- Faillr- Ceuillir- Accueillir- Courrir- Secourir- Souffrir- Ouvrir- Couvrir- Decouvrir- Mourrir- Partir- Repartir- Sortir- Sentir- Mentir- Vetir- Devetir-Tenir- Maintenir- Appartenir- Soutenir- Venir- Revenir- Devenir- Prevenir- Obtenir- Retenir- Servir- Dormir

Voir- Revoir- Savoir- Recevoir- Decevoir- Concevoir- Pleuvoir- Prevoir- Percevoir

  1. MAITRE > Admettre- Commetre- Emettre- Permettre- Remettre- Omettre- Transmettre- Mettre- Soumettre- Promettre- Compromettre
  2.  NAITRE > Naitre- Renaitre- Connaitre- Reconnaitre
  3. PARAITRE- Paraitre- Apparaitre- Disparaitre- Reparaitre- Reapparaitre
  4. BATTRE > Battre- Abattre- Debattre- Combattre
  • VERBES ending in ”….DRE”
  •  PRENDRE > Prendre- Reprendre- Apprendre- Comprendre- Surprendre- Entreprendre
  •  PENDRE > Dependre- Suspendre
  • TENDRE > Tendre- Etendre- Entendre- Attendre- Pretendre
  • TEINDRE > Teindre- Eteindre- Atteindre- Restreindre
  • ” …ONDRE” ending >  Fondre- Repondre- Correspondre- Tondre- Pondre
  • SUNDRY > Vendre- Rendre- Defendre- Descendre- Craindre- Plaindre- Mordre- Resoudre- Coudre- Joindre- Perdre- Peindre

Lire- Elire- Dire- Predire- Dedire- Interdire- Rire- Sourire- Ecrire- Decrire- Prescrire- Soucrire- Frire

Vivre- Revivre- Survivre- Suivre- Poursuivre

Refaire- Satisfaire- Plaire- Deplaire- Distraire- Taire- Extraire

Cuire- Construire- Detruire- Nuire- Traduire- Produire- Reduire- Traduire- Deduire- Conduire

Include- Exclure- Conclure

Boire- Valoir- Asseoir- Croire

 BODY ACTION [FULL BODY]- 

  1.  MOUTH > 
  2.  EAT >
  3.  NOSE >
  4.  DRINK >
  5.  LEG >
  6.  HAND >
  7.  REST >
  8.  PLAY >
  9.  SPORT >
  10.  EYES >
  11.  EAR >
  12.  WEAR
  13.  CLEAN-
  14. ACCIDENT
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